Turkmenistan, in Central Asia, is known for the burning Darvaza gas crater ("Door to Hell"), the ancient city of Merv and the white-marble capital Ashgabat.
Desert climate; April to May and September to October are ideal.
Why Choose Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan is one of the least-visited countries in the world, offering Silk Road ruins and surreal architecture.
Turkmenistan Visas
All visitors need a visa, issued only with a Letter of Invitation (LOI), usually arranged through a licensed tour agency. Tourists generally travel with a guide. Transit visas are available for overland travellers.
Tourist Visa
With an LOI and guided tour.
Transit Visa
Three to five days for overland travel.
Business Visa
With an invitation from a Turkmen company.
Top Attractions in Turkmenistan
- Darvaza Gas Crater: The "Door to Hell".
- Ancient Merv: Silk Road city; UNESCO site.
- Ashgabat: White-marble capital.
- Kunya-Urgench: Medieval minarets; UNESCO site.
Visa Application Process
- Find the nearest embassy or consulate of Turkmenistan and download its application form.
- Prepare your passport, photos, itinerary, accommodation proof and bank statements.
- Book an appointment and submit your application in person if required.
- Pay the visa fee and attend an interview if requested.
- Collect your passport once the visa is issued.
Visa Fees and Processing Time
Visa fees are around US$100 to US$150 plus the LOI cost; processing takes two to three weeks.
Visa rules can change at short notice. This guide reflects the rules in force in 2026; always confirm the latest requirements with the official immigration website or embassy of Turkmenistan before you travel.